Evaluation of a Higher-Order Immersed Boundary Method for Viscous Flows and Fluid Structure Interaction

Project Description:
In the first part of the project, new wall modeling approaches (or viscous wall extensions) coupled with an IBM are being evaluated to account for the viscous boundary layer interacting with the solution away from solid walls. In contrast to common wall modeling approaches that usually only utilize local flow information, the pursued method keeps the history of the boundary layer. This is why this method is effective at much larger y+ values than local wall modeling approaches. After analyzing these methods theoretically, they are applied to increasingly more challenging flow fields including fully attached, separated, and shock-induced separated (laminar and turbulent) flows.

In the second part of the project, the immersed boundary method (IBM) by Brehm et al. (2013, 2015) is evaluated for moving boundary and fluid-structure interaction problems. The novelty of this approach is to employ locally stabilized higher-order accurate finite-difference stencils. The key advantage of IBMs is that the computational meshes can automatically be generated starting from a watertight surface triangulation independent of the complexity of the geometry. Moreover, for flows containing moving boundaries, IBMs facilitate the numerical solution procedure by solving the governing equations on a stationary, non-deforming Cartesian grid. In contrast, conventional body-fitted grid approaches are confronted with immense difficulties in the solution procedure, especially for fluid-structure problems with large boundary displacements.

Collaborators (non-UK)

Dr. Kiris, Dr. Housman, and Dr. Barad (LAVA group , NASA Ames Research Center)

Students

Kok Ren Choy (PhD student)
Mei Huang, Grad Student
Oliver M Browne, Visiting Scholar
Jefferson Davis, PostDoc
Sydney Litterer, Undergraduate
Jonathan Hamilton, Graduate

Bijaylakshmi Saikia, Postdoc

Niclas Dotzauer, Visiting Scholar

Gonzalez Cubillos, Juan Guillermo

John Higgins

Brielle Hamilton, Undergraduate

Jonathan Boustani, Graduate

Sayed Mohammad Abdullah Al Hasnine, Graduate

Niklas Balk, Fayette KY HS, student

Macall Campbell, Undergrad

Manuel Viqueira Moreira, Graduate

Michael Raba, Graduate

Joel A McQuaid, Graduate

Leonard Duenas Gutierrez, Graduate

Gokul Anugrah Gopakumar, Added 09/11/2019

Vincenzo Russo, Added 09/11/2019

Katherine R Kopytek, Added 12/14/2020

Tyler D Stoffel, Graduate, Added on LCC cluster 3/14/2023

Gokul Anugrah Gopakumar, Graduate, Added on MCC cluster on 06/26/2023

Prediction of Boundary Layer Transition on Hypersonic Vehicles in Large Scale Wind Tunnels and Flight

Project Description:
In this project, we develop algorithms to predict the onset of strongly second mode dominated boundary layer transition in large-scale hypersonic wind tunnels (Marineau 2015) and include relevant physics to allow extrapolation to flight. Several direct numerical simulations of hypersonic boundary layer flows are conducted to obtain a better understanding of the transition process. The transition prediction tools are verified against conventional stability solvers, results from direct numerical simulations, and available experimental data

Collaborators (non-UK)

Professor Tumin, Professor Fasel and Dr. Salemi (University of Arizona and Arizona Engineering and Science, LLC)

Students

Dr. Oliver M Browne (post-doc)
Jefferson Davis (post-doc)
Sparsh Ganju
Masoud Arabghahestani

Zibitsker, Aleksander L

Software

For all projects an in-house CFD solver is utilized. The solver is developed in C, C++, and Fortran. MPI and OpenMP are employed for the parallelization of the code.

Publications:

2016 - 2019

C. Brehm, M.F. Barad, and C. C. Kiris “Development of Immersed Boundary Computational Aeroacoustic Prediction Capabilities for Open-Rotor Noise”, Journal of Computational Physics, 2019, Volume 388, 690- 716
O.M.F. Browne, A.P. Haas, H.F. Fasel, A. Haas, and C. Brehm “An Efficient Linear Wave Packet Tracking Strategy Method for Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Stability Prediction”, Journal of Computational Physics, Volume 380, 243-268, 2019
C. Brehm “On Consistent Boundary Closures for Compact Finite-Difference WENO Schemes”, Journal of Computational Physics, 2017, Volume 334, 573-581
C. Brehm, J.A. Housman, C. C. Kiris and F. Hutcheson “Four-Jet Impingement: Noise Characteristics and Simplified Acoustic Model”, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Volume 67, 43-58, 2017
M.F. Barad, C. Brehm, C.C. Kiris, and R. Biswak, “Parallel Adaptive High-Order CFD Simulations Char- acterising SOFIA Cavity Acoustics”, International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics, 2016, Vol- ume 30(6), 437–443
C. Kiris, M. Barad, J. Housman, C. Brehm, E. Sozer, and S. Moini-Yekta “The LAVA Computational Fluid Dynamics Solver”, Aerospace Science and Technology, 2016, Volume 55, 189-219
C. Brehm, J. A. Housman, and C. C. Kiris “Noise Generation Mechanisms for a Supersonic Jet Impinging on an Inclined Plate”, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2016, Volume 797, 802-850
O.M.F. Browne, A.P. Haas, H.F. Fasel, and C. Brehm, “A Nonlinear Wavepacket Tracking Method for 3-D Hypersonic Transition Problems”, Journal of Computational Physics, 2019, submitted 11
A.P. Haas, O.M.F. Browne, H.F. Fasel, and C. Brehm, “A Time-Spectral Numerical Jacobian Based Lin- earized Navier-Stokes Solver For Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Stability”, Journal of Computational Physics, 2019, revision completed
J. Boustani, M. Barad, C. Kiris, and C. Brehm, “An FD Immersed Boundary Fluid — FE Structure Inter- action Method for Thin, Highly Compliant Structures”, Journal of Computational Physics, 2019, submitted
J. Davis, S. Ganju, S. Bailey and C. Brehm, “Effects of Rotation on Turbulent Kinetic Energy Budget in Turbulent Pipe Flows”, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2019, in preparation
S. Ganju, J. Davis, S. Bailey and C. Brehm, “A Numerical Investigation of Turbulent Channel Flows with Wavy Walls: Turbulent Budgets and Reynolds Stress Tensor”, Physics of Fluids, 2019, in preparation
C. Brehm, and N. Ashton, “An Immersed Boundary Method with a Non-Equilibrium RANS-Based Wall Model”, Journal of Computational Physics, 2019, in preparation

Grants:

Hypersonic Vehicle Institute, DoD HPCMP, ($544,069 for 3 years: 08/2019-07/2022): Brehm, C. (PI), Ashton, N., and McGilvray, M. (Co-PIs both at University of Oxford), “Development of a RANS-Based Wall Modeled LES Approach for Hypersonic Flows”
NASA RA EPSCoR, ($1,050,000 for 3 years: 08/2019-07/2022): Brehm, C. (PI), Martin, A. (Co-PI), Bailey, S. (Co-PI), and Hannemann, J. (Co-PI), “Modeling Transitional and Turbulent Flows with Surface Ablation”
Office of Naval Research, YIP, ($465,579 for 3 years: 03/2019-02/2022): Brehm, C. (PI), “Numerical Investigations of Particle Interactions with Navy Relevant High-Speed Flows”
NASA Ames Research Center ($169,597 for 2 years: 08/2018-07/2020): Brehm, C. (PI), “Evaluation of Advanced Numerical Methods for Fluid-Structure Interaction and Parachute Simulations”
NASA Rapid Response Research, ($100,000 for 1 year: 01/2019-12/2019): Brehm, C. (PI), and Martin A. (Co-PI), “A Fully Eulerian Simulation Approach for High-Temperature Fluid-Solid Interaction”
NASA Research Initiation Award, ($40,000 for 1 year: 01/2019-12/2019): Brehm, C. (PI), and Kekenes-Huskey, P. (Co-PI), “Development of a RANS-Based Wall-Model for Cartesian Grid Navier-Stokes Solvers”
Air Force Office of Scientific Research, SBIR Phase II ($750,000 for 24 months: 01/2018 - 12/2020): Brehm, C. (PI) for $230,000 (UK portion), Craig, A. (PI) for $145,000 (UA portion), and Fasel, H. (PI) for $375,000 (Arizona Engineering Science portion), “Prediction of Boundary Layer Transition on Hypersonic Vehicles in Large Scale Wind Tunnels and Flight”
National Science Foundation ($450,000 for 3 years: 10/2017 - 9/2020): Brehm, C. (PI), Bailey, S. (co-PI) , “Relaminarization and Turbulence Suppression in Rotating Flows”
NSF Supplement Award ($15,000 for 03/2019 - 12/2019): Brehm, C. (PI), Bailey, S. (co-PI), Blue Waters Petascale Computing Resource Allocation (320 million computing hours)
American Air Filter Company, LLC ($29,895: 03/18-08/18): Brehm, C. (PI), Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis and Optimization of HEGA Filter”
NASA Team Fellowship grant ($10,000, intermediate end date of 07/31/18): M.Grady, PI,Brehm, C. (co-PI), “University of Kentucky Speedfest Design, Build, Fly”
NASA Kentucky EPSCoR RIDG ($47,000 for 1 year): Brehm, C. (PI), (co-PI) Wenk, J., “A New Numerical Method for Fluid-Structure Interaction with Large Deformations”
Air Force Office of Scientific Research, SBIR Phase I ($150,000 for 9 months 06/2016 - 04/2017): Brehm, C. (PI) for $50,000 (UA portion), and Fasel, H. (PI) for $100,000 (Arizona Engineering Science portion), “Prediction of BoundaryLayer Transition on Hypersonic Vehicles in Large Scale Wind Tunnels and Flight”
American Air Filter Company, LLC ($21,500 for 3 months: 09/2017-12/2017): Brehm C. (PI), “Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis and Optimizatioin of Varicel VXL MERV 14 Filter”
NASA Ames Research Center ($150,000 for 9 months: 10/2015 - 05/2016): Brehm, C. (PI), “Evaluation of a Higher-Order Immersed Boundary Method for Viscous Flows and Fluid Structure Interaction”
Office of Naval Research — FY20 MURI ($7,500,000 for 5 years, invited for submission in 09/2019): C. Scalo, J. Jewell, M. Koslowski, W. Chen, T. Meyer, H. Gomez (all Purdue) and C. Brehm, “High-Fidelity Simulations and Experimental Diagnostics of Fundamental Multiphase-Flow Interactions at Supersonic and 11 Hypersonic Speeds” pending
US Army Research Office, ($504,316 for 3 years): Bailey, S. (PI), and Brehm, C. (co-PI), “Examination of Distribution of Dissipative Scales within Turbulent Wall Bounded Flow” pending
National Science Foundation RII Track-2 FEC ($6,000,000 for 4 years): J. Jacobs
(PI, OSU), Brehm, C. (co-PI), et al., “Enhancing Weather and Climate Modeling Through Atmospheric and Surface Observations from Autonomous Systems” pending
NASA EPSCoR KY RIDG ($45,000 for 1 year): Brehm, C. (PI), Pham, J. (co-PI), “Development and Experimental Validation of a Sharp Interface Multi-Phase Simulation Approach” pending
2019 Igniting Research Collaborations (IRC) Program, Office of the Vice President for Research, University of Kentucky, ($40,000 for 1 year): Brehm, C. (PI), K. Ziada (Co-PI), A. Abdel-Latif (Co-PI), and C. Beavers (Co-PI) “Development of Advanced Simulation Capabilities for Vascular Obstruction and Planning of Revascularization” pending
2019 Igniting Research Collaborations (IRC) Program, Office of the Vice President for Research, University of Kentucky, ($30,000 for 1 year): N. Gupta (Co-PI), M. Fritz (Co-PI), and Brehm, C. (Co-PI) “High-Fidelity Computational Modeling of Upper Airway Resistance” pendin
Blue Waters Petascale Computing Resource Allocations (320 million computing hours: 04/2019- 12/2019): Brehm, C. (PI), “Direct Numerical Simulations of Turbulence Suppression in Rotating Flows”
NASA High-End Computing Time, MISC-17-8241(412,784 SBUs corresponding to 10 million computing hours with $0.24/SBU, $200,000 value, 01/10/2018 - 09/30/2019): Brehm, C. (PI), “A New Numerical Method for Fluid-Structure Interaction with Large Deformations for Parachute Simulations”
NASA High-End Computing Time, MISC-17-8241(412,784 SBUs corresponding to 5 million computing hours with $0.24/SBU, $99,000 value, 01/10/2017 - 09/30/2018): Brehm, C. (PI), “A New Numerical Method for Fluid-Structure Interaction with Large Deformations for Parachute Simulations”
Argonne Leadership Computing Facility an Office of Science User Facility (2 million computing hours, $50,000 value: 01/2017-12/2017): Brehm, C. (PI), “Adaptive Mesh Refinement Wave-Packet Tracking for Hypersonic Transitional Flows”
Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE) (10 million computing hours: 04/2018-03/2019): Brehm, C. (PI), “Direct Numerical Simulations of Relaminarization and Turbulence Suppression in Rotating Flows”
Blue Waters Broadening Participation (9.6 million computing hours: 03/2018-03/2019): Brehm, C. (PI), “Direct Numerical Simulations of Turbulence Suppression in Rotating Flows”

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